break, continue, and label

The break and continue can be used in JavaScript with loop instrucxtions: for() and while() to stop or "jump over" loops.

The break statement

The break statement stops the execution of a repetitive instruction.
- Example, a for() loop is stoped with 'break':

<script>
//defined to run till x is 10
for(x=0; x<10; x++){
 document.write('<br> X is '+x);

 //stops completely the loop when x is 3
 if(x==3) break;
} 
</script>

In the same way you can use it with while():

<script>
var x =0;

//defined to run till x is 10
while(x <10){
 document.write('<br> X este '+x);

 //stops completely the loop when x is 3
 if(x==3) break;
 x++;
} 
</script>

The continue statement

The continue statement breaks one iteration (in the loop), if a specified condition occurs, and continues with the next iteration in the loop..
- This example skips the value of 1 and 3:

<script>
//defined to run from 0 to 5
for(x=0; x<5; x++){
 //skips the execution when x is 1 or 3
 if(x ==1 || x ==3) continue;
 document.write('<br> X ise '+x);
} 
</script>

In the same way you can use it with while():

<script>
var x =0;

//defined to run from 0 to 5
while(x <5){
 //skips the execution when x is 1 or 3
 if(x ==1 || x ==3){
 x++; //to increment when it jumps over iteration
 continue;
 }

 document.write('<br> X este '+x);
 x++;
} 
</script>

JS label statements

label statements can be used in JavaScript with 'break' or 'continue'. It labels a group of nested repetitive instructions, allowing control over that group inside the nested instructions.

Syntax:

label_name:
for(...){
 //other instructions with for() or while()
}

- 'label_name' can be any name (except the reserved JavaScript keywords), followed by : and the nested group of for() or while().

Studying the following example, you can better understand how the 'label' it works:

<script>
loopX: //labels the next set of nested instructions
for(var x=0; x<5; x++){
 document.write('<h4>X - '+x+'</h4>');
 for(var y=0; y<3; y++){
 //stops execution of the entire group when x is 2
 if(x ==2) break loopX;

 document.write('<br>Y = '+y);
 }
}
</script>

- Testing the code, you will see that though 'break' is inside the second 'for()', by specifying 'loopX', which is the label of the entire set of nested instructions, it will stops the execution of entire group.

<<-While loops -- Alert, Confirm and Prompt->>

Daily Test with Code Example

HTML

CSS

JavaScript

PHP-MySQL

Which meta tag provides a short description of the page?

<meta name="description" content="70-160 characters that describes the content of the page" />

Which CSS property is used to stop the wrapping effect of the "float"?

clear text-align position

#some_id {
  clear: both;
}

Click on the method which gets an array with all the elements in the document that have a specified tag name.

getElementsByName() getElementById() getElementsByTagName()

var divs = document.getElementsByTagName("div");
var nr_divs = divs.length;
alert(nr_divs);

Indicate the PHP function which returns the number of elements in array.

is_[) count() strlen()

$arr =[7, 8, "abc", 10);
$nri = count($arr);
echo $nri;        // 4